It can definitely light up your campsite. It’s dimmable, I used mine to shine light on a park size bench for dinner. Lights up the entire interior of a tent. This can also charge your phone. 

Yes you can. In fact that is what I am doing right now. The one that came with the telescope was alright but the camera tripod I have is a Polaroid and works much better. 

This is more a question of your glasses and not the lamp. She produces light. If your glasses have an anti-reflective coating, the lamp will not be reflected in the glasses, depending on the level of anti-reflective coating. (It should be noted here that the anti-reflective levels trigger different colors, level 2 triggers a blue tone in the glasses, level 3, which is the most recommended for working on the PC, triggers a green tone. This goes badly with a green screen , if the plan was to connect this to it) 

Yes, it can run indefinitely after being plugged in. 

Of course you can, it is highly absorbent and you can stick it to any smooth place such as walls, mirrors, computers, iPads, desktops etc.